Njengoko ishishini lezihlangu zehlabathi likhawulezisa utshintsho lwalo oluya ekubeni luhlaza, ubukrelekrele, kunye nomgangatho ophezulu, izinto ezincamathelayo eziphambili - i-hot melt adhesive eyenziwe ngezihlangu - ingenisa ithuba elitsha lophuhliso. Ngeenzuzo zayo ezikhethekileyo zokukhusela okusingqongileyo, ukusebenza kakuhle, ukubopha okuqinileyo, kunye nokuzivumelanisa nezimo ngokubanzi, le glue intsha ithatha indawo ye-adhesives yendabuko esekelwe kwi-solvent, ichaza ngokutsha imigangatho yokubopha yemveliso yezihlangu, kwaye iba yinto ephambili ekuqhubeni phambili ukuphuculwa kweshishini lezixhobo zezihlangu. Isetyenziswe kakhulu kwiikhonkco ezahlukeneyo zokwenza izihlangu, ukusuka kwi-bonding ephezulu ukuya kwi-sole fixation, ifaka amandla amatsha kuphuhliso oluphezulu lweshishini lezihlangu zehlabathi.

I-hot melt adhesive eyenziwe ngezihlangu yimveliso ye-thermoplastic adhesive eyenzelwe ngokukodwa ukwenziwa kwezihlangu. Iqinile kubushushu begumbi kwaye iyanyibilika ngokukhawuleza xa ifudunyezwa ukuya kubushushu obuthile (ngesiqhelo i-80-180℃ ngokweentlobo ezahlukeneyo). Emva kokuphola kunye nokuqina, inokwenza umanyano oluqinileyo noluzinzileyo phakathi kwezinto ezahlukeneyo zezihlangu. Ngokungafaniyo ne-solvent-based adhesives zemveli eziqulethe ii-volatible organic compounds (VOCs) kwaye zinexesha elide lokuqina, i-hot melt adhesive eyenziwe ngezihlangu ifumana ulungelelwaniso olupheleleyo phakathi kokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo, ukusebenza kakuhle kokucubungula, kunye nokusebenza kwe-bonding. Yahlulwe yangama-3 aphambili ngokweqondo lobushushu bokunyibilika: ubushushu obuphantsi, ubushushu obuphakathi, kunye nobushushu obuphezulu, obunokukhethwa ngokulula ngokwezixhobo ezahlukeneyo zezihlangu kunye neemfuno zokucubungula, ezifana nesikhumba sokwenziwa, ulusu lokwenyani, ilaphu, i-EVA, kunye nerabha, egubungela zonke iintlobo zemveliso yezihlangu. Njenge-adhesive enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo kwaye isebenza kakuhle, iye yaba yinto ebalulekileyo efunekayo kwimveliso yezihlangu zanamhlanje, enxulumene kakhulu nomgangatho, intuthuzelo, kunye nokuqina kweemveliso zezihlangu.

Iindlela zoPhuhliso lwasekhaya nolwamazwe ngamazwe

Imarike Yasekhaya

Imeko Yokungenisa Nokuthumela Ngaphandle: Umthamo wokuthumela ngaphandle we-hot melt adhesive yaseTshayina uye wanda minyaka le kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iqhutywa yimfuno enamandla yemarike yezihlangu zehlabathi kunye nokuphuculwa okuqhubekayo komgangatho wemveliso yasekhaya. Ngo-2023, ixabiso lilonke lokuthumela ngaphandle lifikelele kwi-380 yezigidi zeedola zaseMelika, ezithengiswa kakhulu kuMzantsi-mpuma we-Asia, eYurophu, eMntla Melika, naseMzantsi Melika, phakathi kwazo i-hot melt adhesive enobushushu obuphakathi ibangele i-65% yomthamo wokuthumela ngaphandle ngenxa yokuziqhelanisa kwayo ngokubanzi nezixhobo zezihlangu ezifana nesikhumba esenziweyo kunye nelaphu. Kulindeleke ukuba isikali sokuthumela ngaphandle siya kufikelela kwi-550 yezigidi zeedola zaseMelika ngo-2025. Ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe ikakhulu ziimveliso ze-hot melt adhesive ezisebenzayo kunye nezixhobo eziphambili zemveliso, kunye nomlinganiselo othile wokuxhomekeka kubuchwepheshe obuphambili bamanye amazwe, kodwa amashishini asekhaya akhawulezisa impumelelo yetekhnoloji kunye nophando oluzimeleyo kunye nophuhliso ukunciphisa umsantsa kunye nokuphucula ukhuphiswano oluphambili.

Imarike Yamazwe Ngamazwe

Ukwandiswa koBukhulu beMarike: Kuqikelelwa ukuba ngo-2025, ubungakanani bemarike yehlabathi ye-hot melt adhesive eyenziwe ngezihlangu buya kufikelela kwi-140 yeebhiliyoni zeedola zaseMelika, kunye nezinga lokukhula ngonyaka elihlanganisiweyo elingaphezulu kwe-6%. Ngo-2024, ubungakanani bemarike yehlabathi yeemveliso ze-hot melt adhesive ezenziwe ngezihlangu ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo zifikelele kwi-45 yeebhiliyoni zeedola zaseMelika, ezibalelwa kwi-32% yemarike iyonke, kwaye kulindeleke ukuba zigcine izinga lokukhula eliphezulu elingaphezulu kwe-10% kwiminyaka ezayo, liqhutywa yimigaqo-nkqubo yokukhusela okusingqongileyo yehlabathi kunye nemfuno yabathengi yezihlangu ezikumgangatho ophezulu. Ngokwanda okuqhubekayo kweshishini lokuvelisa izihlangu kwihlabathi liphela kunye nokwanda kotshintsho oluhlaza, imfuno yemarike ye-hot melt adhesive eyenziwe zizihlangu iya kuqhubeka inyuka.

Umahluko Wokukhula Kwemimandla: Ummandla waseAsia-Pacific, ngakumbi iTshayina neIndiya, unamandla amakhulu okukhula, kunye nezinga lokukhula lonyaka elidibeneyo lobukhulu bemarike elidlula i-8%. Zixhamla kuphuhliso olukhawulezileyo lweshishini lokuvelisa izihlangu kunye nenkxaso enamandla yemigaqo-nkqubo yesizwe, imfuno yeglue enyibilikayo eyenziwe ngezihlangu iyanda ngokukhawuleza. UMntla Melika neYurophu, njengeemarike ezivuthiweyo, zibonisa ukukhula okuzinzileyo, kunye nezinga lokukhula le-4%-6% ngonyaka. Ziqhutywa bubuchule bobuchwephesha kunye nemfuno yokukhusela okusingqongileyo, imfuno yeglue enyibilikayo eshushu esebenzayo iyanda. Nangona ubungakanani bemarike eMzantsi Melika naseAfrika buncinci, inezinga lokukhula ngokukhawuleza, kunye namathuba amakhulu ophuhliso lwemarike kwixesha elizayo.

Ukukhuthazwa kweMfuno yokusingqongileyo: Ingqwalasela yehlabathi kuphuhliso oluzinzileyo ikhuthaze kakhulu uphuhliso lweshishini le-hot melt adhesive eyenziwe ngezihlangu. Ukugxila okwandayo kwabathengi kwiimveliso ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo kunye nokuqiniswa kwemigaqo-nkqubo yokukhusela okusingqongileyo kumazwe ahlukeneyo kwenze i-hot melt adhesive eyenziwe ngezihlangu, engenazo izinyibilikisi, engenatyhefu, kwaye enokuphinda isetyenziswe, yaba yindawo entsha yokukhula kwimarike yezinto zezihlangu. Umzekelo, imigangatho ye-EU REACH kunye ne-RoHS ithintele ngokucacileyo ukusetyenziswa kwe-solvent-based adhesives, ibonelela ngendawo ebanzi yemarike ye-hot melt adhesive eyenziwe ngezihlangu enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo. Okwangoku, imakethi ye-organic adhesive yehlabathi kulindeleke ukuba igcine izinga lokukhula elihlanganisiweyo le-12% ngonyaka ngo-2030, eliya kuqhuba ngakumbi uphuhliso lweshishini le-hot melt adhesive eyenziwe ngezihlangu.

Ibhalansi Phakathi Kweendleko Nokusebenza

I. Iingenelo Eziphambili: Iimpawu Eziphambili Ezilungelelaniswe Neshishini Lokwenza Izihlangu

1. Ukhuseleko lweNdalo: Njengoko isebenzisa ifomula eqinileyo eyi-100%, ayinazo izinyibilikisi okanye ii-VOC, kwaye ayizukuvelisa ivumba elibi okanye iigesi ezinobungozi ngexesha lokuveliswa nokusetyenziswa, nto leyo ehambelana ngokupheleleyo nemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe yokusingqongileyo kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo yokhuseleko lwendalo yesizwe. Ayinciphisi nje kuphela utyalo-mali lokhuseleko lwendalo lwamashishini ezihlangu ekunyangweni kwegesi emdaka kodwa ikwaphucula imeko yokusebenza kwindawo yokusebenzela yemveliso kwaye ikhusela impilo yomzimba yabaqhubi, ngokuhambelana nomkhwa wokuvelisa oluhlaza kwihlabathi liphela.

2. Ukusebenza Kakuhle Nokonga Amandla: Iyanyibilika ngokukhawuleza xa ifudunyezwa, ixesha lokuqala lokuyilungisa liyimizuzwana emi-3-5 kunye namandla okusebenza ayimizuzwana eli-10-15, nto leyo enciphisa umjikelo wemveliso ngama-30%-50% xa kuthelekiswa nezincamathelisi zemveli ezisekelwe kwisinyibilikisi. Ingasetyenziswa ngokuthe ngqo ngezixhobo zokucinezela ezishushu ngokuzenzekelayo, ivumelane nomgca wemveliso ozenzekelayo okhawulezayo weshishini lezihlangu zanamhlanje, inciphise amakhonkco okusebenza ngesandla, iphucule ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso, kwaye inciphise iindleko zomsebenzi kumashishini.

3. Ixabiso Eliphezulu Nelisebenzayo: Izinto eziphambili ezisetyenziswayo yipolyurethane (PU), ipolyethylene (PE), kunye nezinye iipolymers, ezibonelela ngezinto ezininzi ezisetyenziswayo kunye neendleko zemveliso eziphantsi kunezincamathelisi ezisekelwe kwisinyibilikisi sendabuko. Kwangaxeshanye, inamandla aphezulu okubopha kunye nokulahleka kwezinto ezisetyenziswayo okuphantsi, okunokunceda amashishini ezihlangu ukunciphisa iindleko zemveliso kunye nokuphucula ukhuphiswano lwemarike ngelixa iqinisekisa umgangatho wemveliso.

4. Ukuguquguquka Okubanzi: Ihambelana kakuhle nezixhobo ezahlukeneyo zezihlangu eziqhelekileyo, kubandakanya isikhumba sokwenziwa, isikhumba sokwenyani, ilaphu, i-EVA, irabha, i-TPR, kunye ne-nylon, kwaye inokuhlangabezana neemfuno zokubopha kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zezihlangu, ngokuguquguquka okunamandla. Ingacutshungulwa ibe ziigranule, amashiti, kunye nezinye iindlela ngokweemfuno zabathengi, ivumelane neenkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokucubungula kunye neemfuno zokuvelisa izihlangu.

II. Ukusebenza Okuphambili: Ukuhlangabezana Neemfuno Zokusebenza Kwezicelo Zezihlangu

1. Amandla Okubophelela Aqinileyo: Isebenza kakuhle kakhulu ekubopheleleni, kwaye amandla okuxobuka afikelela kwi-8-12N/cm, edlula kakhulu umgangatho weshishini. Ingenza ubopheleleko oluqinileyo phakathi kwezinto ezahlukeneyo zezihlangu, isombulula ngempumelelo iingxaki zomgangatho eziqhelekileyo ezifana nokuqhekeka kwe-sole kunye nokuqhekeka okuphezulu kwiimveliso zezihlangu zemveli, kwaye yandise ubomi benkonzo yezihlangu.

2. Ukuguquguquka Okulungileyo Nokumelana Nobushushu: Inokuguquguquka okugqwesileyo kwaye iyakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nokugoba kunye nokwelula izihlangu xa zinxitywa ngaphandle kokuqhekeka okanye ukuxobuka. Ingagcina ukusebenza okuzinzileyo kokubopha kumanqanaba obushushu ukusuka kwi -20℃ ukuya kwi-80℃, kwaye ayizukuba buthathaka okanye ithambe ngenxa yotshintsho lobushushu, ihlangabezana neemfuno zokusetyenziswa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zemozulu.

3. Ukumelana Namanzi Nokuguguleka: Iimveliso zeglu ezishushu ezenziwe ngezihlangu ezishushu ezinokumelana kakuhle namanzi, nto leyo enokuthintela amanzi ukuba angangeni kwindawo yokubopha kwaye ichaphazele isiphumo sokubopha. Kwangaxeshanye, zinokumelana okuthile nokuguguleka, okunokumelana nokungqubana kokuhamba imihla ngemihla nokuqinisekisa uzinzo lwexesha elide lwenxalenye yokubopha.

III. Izicelo eziphambili: Ukugubungela iinxalenye ezininzi zezihlangu

1. Ukubopha Okuphezulu: Kusetyenziselwa ukubopha iindawo ezahlukeneyo eziphezulu, njenge-toe cap, isithende, kunye ne-vamp, ukuphucula amandla olwakhiwo lwangaphezulu nokuqinisekisa uzinzo lwemilo yangaphezulu. Ifanelekile ngokukodwa kwimveliso yangaphezulu elula nengenamthungo, iphucula intuthuzelo kunye nenkangeleko yezihlangu.

2. Ukuncamathelisa iSole Bonding: Njengento enamathelayo ephambili yokuncamathelisa isole kunye nesoluli, inokwenza iqhina eliqinileyo phakathi kwesole (i-EVA, irabha, njl.njl.) kunye nesolulili, ukuqinisekisa uzinzo kunye nokuqina kwezihlangu. Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwizihlangu zemidlalo, izihlangu eziqhelekileyo, izihlangu ezisesikweni, kunye nezihlangu zangaphandle.

3. Ukubopha iinxalenye ezincedisayo: Kusetyenziselwa ukubopha izihlangu ezifana nee-insoles, ulwimi, kunye nee-shoe pads, kuphucula ukuqina kwezihlangu ngelixa kugcinwa intuthuzelo yezihlangu. Ingasetyenziselwa ukuqinisa indawo yee-eyelet kunye nokuvulwa kwezihlangu, ukunciphisa ukuguguleka kwelaphu kunye nokuphucula ubomi benkonzo yezihlangu.

Inkxaso yoMgaqo-nkqubo kunye nokuBandakanywa kweMfuno yeMarike

Inkxaso enamandla yomgaqo-nkqubo ivule indlela yophuhliso lweshishini le-hot melt adhesive eyenziwe ngezihlangu. Isicwangciso seNtshukumo soPhuculo loMgangatho weShishini leeMpahla saseTshayina (2023-2025) ngokucacileyo sixhasa uphuhliso lwetekhnoloji yokuvelisa eluhlaza kunye nezixhobo ezintsha ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo, kubandakanya i-hot melt adhesive eyenziwe ngezihlangu. ISebe leMicimbi yezeShishini kunye neTekhnoloji yoLwazi, ngokubambisana neSebe lezeMali, lityale imali ekhethekileyo kuphando lwetekhnoloji kunye nophuhliso kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-hot melt adhesive eyenziwe ngezihlangu, nto leyo ekhuthaza ukuphuculwa kweshishini.

Ukhetho oluluhlaza kwicala lemfuno luqhubekile nokuqina. Ama-67% abathengi bazimisele ukuhlawula iprimiyamu ye-5% nangaphezulu kwiimveliso zezihlangu ezinezinto ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo. Iimpawu zamazwe ngamazwe ezifana neNike kunye neAdidas zinyuse kakhulu umlinganiselo wezixhobo ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo kwiikhonkco zazo zokubonelela, kwaye i-hot melt adhesive eyenziwe ngezihlangu, njenge-adhesive enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo, ibe lukhetho olubalulekileyo kwezi mpawu. Umlinganiselo wokusetyenziswa kwezinto eziluhlaza ezisetyenzisiweyo kwi-hot melt adhesive eyenziwe ngezihlangu ufikelele kuma-35% ngo-2024, kwaye uya kuqhubeka nokwanda kwixesha elizayo, nto leyo ephucula ngakumbi ukhuphiswano lokusingqongileyo lwemveliso.

Isiphelo

Okwangoku, i-hot melt adhesive eyenziwe ngezihlangu ikwixesha elibalulekileyo "lokwandisa utshintsho lokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo, ukufikelela kwimpumelelo kwezobuchwepheshe, kunye nokuphucula imfuno yemarike". Iingenelo zayo ezibanzi ekukhuseleni okusingqongileyo, ukusebenza kakuhle, iindleko, kunye nokusebenza zenze ukuba ibe lukhetho olubalulekileyo kumashishini avelisa izihlangu ukunciphisa iindleko, ukwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle, kunye nokuphucula ukhuphiswano lwemveliso. Ngokuqhubeka kwenzululwazi yezinto eziphathekayo kunye notshintsho olunzulu kushishino lwezihlangu, ishishini le-hot melt adhesive eyenziwe ngezihlangu lifumana ukwanda kobukhulu kunye nokuphuculwa komgangatho, kunye nomzila wokukhula onokuqikelelwa kakhulu.

Kumashishini oshishino, kuyimfuneko ukubamba iindlela zokufumana uhlaza kunye nobukrelekrele, kwaye kuphuculwe rhoqo ixabiso lemveliso kunye nempembelelo yophawu ngokuphucula izinto eziluhlaza, uphando lobuchwephesha kunye nophuhliso, kunye nokwandiswa kwemarike. Kwixesha elizayo, i-hot melt adhesive eyenziwe ngezihlangu ayizukuba yinto ephambili kuphela kwimveliso yezihlangu kodwa ikwadlala indima ephambili ekukhuthazeni uphuhliso oluzinzileyo lweshishini lezihlangu kunye nokuhlangabezana neemfuno zomgangatho ophezulu zabathengi.